Hydraulic cylinder is a mechanical device for transferring power through the use of higher oil pressure acting against the surface of the piston within the cylinder.
Hydraulic cylinder provides a linear force in one axis in either one or two directions (known as single-or double-acting cylinder or ).
Hat usually consists of 4 or 5 components:
- Tube
- Klip (optional)
- Rod
- gland
- End cap
In a typical hydraulic cylinder with a piston oil is fed in at both ends by a kind of "port" and the piston is sealed to the tube of the double-acting seal between the rod and gland single acting seal. In addition, you will usually find the wiper seal is used in the gland to the dirt. This illustration is known as double-acting cylinder.
This is the pressure acting on the piston surface, which causes the hydraulic cylinder to produce linear motion. Because the rod is fixed to the piston, it moves too. Application of hydraulic pressure through an opening on one side of the piston causes it to move in one direction, and applying pressure through the hole on the opposite side of the piston will cause it to move in the opposite direction.
In the single acting cylinder, the oil acts only on one side of the piston so that it can be mechanically moved in a forces (gravity, or sometimes spring or some other hydraulic cylinder) gives the force in the opposite direction.
Single acting cylinders can also be a "shift" type, where the oil pressure acts directly on the end of the stick, and no stroke. In the design of the cylinder power is limited by the surface-rod, while the cylinder with a piston, the rod can be any size and strength can be calculated or controlled by the piston design.
Usually, one end of the pipe is fixed at the end of the rod is attached to the object you want to move, although it is possible to fix the end of the stick, and attach the object moves.
The double-acting cylinders, "closing" power is always less than the "opening" the power due to reduced area of the piston for the oil to act on. This reduces the surface area of the right end of the stick.
The size of a hydraulic cylinder can be almost unlimited, typically a few centimeters in length to several meters, although in theory there are several limitations.
